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21st Century C: C Tips from the New School
Free Download 21st Century C: C Tips from the New School
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About the Author
Ben Klemens has been doing statistical analysis and computationally-intensive modeling of populations ever since getting his PhD in Social Sciences from Caltech. He is of the opinion that writing code should be fun, and has had a grand time writing analyses and models (mostly in C) for the Brookings Institution, the World Bank, National Institute of Mental Health, et al. As a Nonresident Fellow at Brookings and with the Free Software Foundation, he has done work on ensuring that creative authors retain the right to use the software they write. He currently works for the United States FederalGovernment.
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Product details
Paperback: 408 pages
Publisher: O'Reilly Media; 2 edition (October 12, 2014)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 9781491903896
ISBN-13: 978-1491903896
ASIN: 1491903899
Product Dimensions:
7 x 0.9 x 9.2 inches
Shipping Weight: 1.4 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
Average Customer Review:
4.2 out of 5 stars
33 customer reviews
Amazon Best Sellers Rank:
#172,609 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
This is the first book I am aware of that actually teaches you how to use the C Language. Five Stars.Audience: intermediate to advanced C programmers. The book does have a beginner C Tutorial in the Appendix.[GRIPE] Personally I did not care for the overly informal tone and punk rock quotes. Explanations tend to be long and colourful. This book is the inverse of formal and terse[/GRIPE] Whatever dude, Right? lol. I would also say that the coding style varies, wildly and the Kindle version is nasty; Also: Ben should know better than to make sport of anyone's religion or deity.Other than that, this book is quite possibly the most important book every written about C since K&R(ANSI), with the interesting twist that they are in fact quite different in scope and goal. K&R is really an English version of the ANSI standard with tutorial and example material for learning the structure of the language. K&R assumes you know the CS already and teaches the language grammar with classic CS examples.21st Century C assumes you know the C Grammar and CS already and teaches how to build solutions with the C language using the improvements of TWO! updates to the C Language standard since K&R(ANSI(C89)).This is C11 - GNU gcc supports everything that anyone is taking seriously - Right Now! Things like functions with default parameters and variadic macros for variable length functions replacing the infamous va_args system.Chapters 1 through 5 walk you through setting up a development environment on a UNIX/BSD/Linux type system using standard tools and libraries that provide you with more functionality than the much touted "high level" languages and all of their functionality. He does this step by step in a very practical manner from beginning to end so that you are set-up to work through the rest of the book.Of course, he could have used combinations of several different libraries and built many completely different development environments specialized for all kinds of different problem domains (C as an ad-hoc DSL)With C you could choose a different set of tools with better performance, domain optimization, or other advantages -- and still be using the same language OR you could mix and match. Remember, the language is tiny, when you change libraries they make all the difference... C is powerful for the very reason that is small and simple. Ben really drives this point home and gives examples of C vs. R (a statistics DSL) with the C code being both easy to understand and much faster. Faster matters MORE now than ever because the fundamental principles of Turing machines are fixed in cold hard reality but our data sets continue to increase in size and complexity. Faster Code Matters.Chapter 6 goes into depth about pointers for those that struggle with fundamental operations on Z and indirection. It also mentions other storage types and how to avoid using dynamic memory at all in many cases.Chapter 7 & 8 cover the mechanical issues of language syntax both good and bad.Chapter 9 covers string handling, it starts with asprintf() and meanders through string stuff. In all fairness, what Ben is trying to do would fill an entire book on its own. My advice: use the sds library by Salvatore Sanfilippo (antirez(redis)) on githubChapter 10 is about structs, this is the best part of the book for me, goes in depth on many improvements and extensions. Includes an example of a foreach function on a compound literal. Worth the price of the book...Chapter 11 Goes into depth about using OOP methodology in C. Though C is not an OOP language the ancient K&R C was good enough to create cfront, so OOP in C has always been a reality, what C lacks is the "syntactic-sugar" of C++. Again, the neat thing about C (and C++) is that you can pick and choose features without being forced into a pradigm by someone else.Chapter 12 is parallel programming and covers both threading (pthreads) and processing (OpenMP) and adds in C11 atoms covering the stdatomic.h and threads.h in the standard libraryChapter 13 Libraries for programming with the C language. This section gives examples with Glib, GSL (GNU Scientific (math) Library), SQLite (The single file include SQL DB), libxml and cURL.goto github /b-k/21st-Century-Examples for a forkable repo of all of this book's numerous examples.You should also check out: /dale48/levawc for a large library of ADTs in C,and /antirez/sds for the Simple Dynamic Strings library.
I was looking for a book to bring my 1990s-era C and C++ knowledge up to date and ordered this book. The more I read, the angrier I got.I knew from the reviews that this book wasn't an updated K&R, but it had good reviews for the material I wanted to learn. It also covers tools (make, autoconf, git), and I thought that refreshers on those topics would be useful, so I ordered the book.The title of the book is "21st Century C". That name implies coverage of post-K&R features through C11. But that information is buried inside so much useless glop. The title might also refer to the aforementioned tools. However, the title seems to also cover the author's idiosnycratic and macro-heavy approach to using the language. I have no idea if this is really how modern C is done, but my impression is that this usage is not typical. As the book goes on, the examples get longer and the content I'm after gets sparser. So I ended up skimming the book pretty rapidly.My first sign of trouble was the discussion of compilation. I am by no means an expert on makefiles, but even I could tell there was a serious deficiency. After introducing the basics, and showing how make handles .o dependencies on .c, the book has a minimal standard makefile for use in day-to-day work. Except that there is no discussion of dependencies on header files. None. I went back and reread the chapter, and it's just missing. No entry on header files and dependencies in the index. But there are discussions of other obscure topics, like specifying header files to be included via environment variables, and compiling "here documents". If you are going to cover the C programming environment, then the missing discussion of dependencies is a mind-bogglingly huge omission. And it will have real consequences as beginners tear their hair out trying to figure out why their header file changes aren't fixing their compile-time errors.But what finally pushed me to write this review was the following paragraph (page 266), which is part of a discussion of hash tables:"For any hash, there is still some chance of hash collisions, although it is very small for a reaonably written hash. I use hashes like the ones above in my code, and I am aware that there is some small chance that one day somebody will get unlucky and hit on two sets of points that cause a hash collision. But when deciding where to allocate my finite time on this Earth, I can always find another bug fix, feature implemenation, documentation addition, or personal interaction that will provide a greater benefit for a greater number of users that would eliminating the chance of hash collision. Git relies on hashes to [sic] record commits, and users have produced millions (billions?) of commits, and yet eliminating hash collisions also seems very low on the agenda of the Git maintainers."This is, by far, the stupidest paragraph I have ever seen in a technical book.1) It confuses two completely unrelated uses of hashing: for hash tables, and for generating signatures of digital objects.2) For hash tables -- the topic of the section -- hash functions are likely to generate collisions for two reasons. First, the hash functions are designed to be fast to compute (such as the one mentioned), and not necessarily to produce a low rate of collisions. Second, the hash values are reduced modulo the size of the hash table, so collisions in the table (different keys going to the same hash table slot) are extremely likely. Let me emphasize this point: Hashing different keys to the same hash values may be likely or unlikely, depending on the hash function. Hashing different keys to the same hash table slot is very likely, and if your hash table doesn't worry about this kind of collisions, you have a badly broken hash table.3) The use of hashing in Git is completely different. A "secure", slower hash function (SHA-1) is used to generate signatures of files and directories, and yes, in this case collisions are spectacularly unlikely. And there is no reduction to a smaller space of values (as in a hash table). So in Git, collisions never happen.4) The author blithely confuses these unrelated kinds of hashing, assumes that the low collision rate of one applies to the other, completely erroneously, and then says that it's not worth his valuable time to fix his hash tables collisions, (or, presumably, his ignorance.) Anyone who would write that paragraph should not be writing software, let alone, educating other people how to do it.5) Finally, it is shocking that O'Reilly, would let this colossally stupid discussion see its way into print. Did nobody review this book? (Same applies to the makefile discussion.)
My copy of Harbison and Steele was quite dated (1991) and I needed something more current to illustrate contemporary ANSI C practice for Linux Kernel Module development. I stumbled upon Klemens' work subtitled "C Tips from the New School".21st Century C is an inspired work that illustrates the non-trivial application of modern C -- designated initializers for structs, variadic macros, C++ migration (single line comments, mixing declarations with code) , object-oriented programming, generics, and more -- in the context of contemporary development with seasoned and popular tools (git, make, automake, gdb, valgrind, etc.). By mixing variadic macros with designated initializers one can write functions which seemingly take variable arguments as well as supporting named association. Plus, the mini-tutorial to autotools (Packaging Your Project) and git (Version Control) is an informative and painless introduction to these two workhorses of large scale development.Klemens demonstrates the continued viability of C. Supportive coding examples abound.ANSI C has its place where efficiency and transparency are absolutely essential. C still rocks!
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